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103 Foreign Aff. 84 (2024)
War Unbound: Gaza, Ukraine, and the Breakdown of International Law

handle is hein.journals/fora103 and id is 508 raw text is: War Unbound Gaza, Ukraine, and the Breakdown of International Law OONA A. HATHAWAY Hamas's attack on Israel and Israel's response to it have been a disaster for civilians. In its October 7 massacre, Hamas sought out unarmed Israeli civilians, including women, children, and the elderly, killing close to 1,200 people and taking around 240 hostages. Israel's subsequent air and ground campaign in Gaza has, as of March 2024, killed more than 30,000 people, an estimated two-thirds of whom were women and children. The Israeli offensive has also displaced some two million people (more than 85 percent of the population of Gaza), left more than a million people at risk of starvation, and damaged or destroyed some 150,000 civil- ian buildings. Today, there is no functional hospital left in northern Gaza. Hamas, Israel maintains, uses civilian structures as shields, operating in them or in tunnels beneath them-perhaps precisely OO NA A. HATHAWAY is Gerard C. and Bernice Latrobe Smith Professor of International Law at Yale Law School and a Nonresident Scholar at the Carnegie Endowment for International Peace. FOREIGN AFFAIRS 84