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94 Geo. L.J. 1 (2005-2006)
Civil and Criminal Sanctions in the Constitution and Courts

handle is hein.journals/glj94 and id is 13 raw text is: ARTICLES Civil and Criminal Sanctions in the Constitution and Courts AARON XAVIER FELLMETH* TABLE OF CONTENTS INTRODUCTION .......................................... 2 I. THE DISTINCTION BETWEEN CIVIL AND CRIMINAL LAW IN AMERICAN JURISPRUDENCE ...................................... 7 II. POLICY BASES FOR THE CIVIL/CRIMINAL DISTINCTION .............. 14 A. THEORIES OF RETRIBUTION AND PROCEDURAL PROTECTIONS ..... 19 B. THEORIES OF DETERRENCE AND PROCEDURAL PROTECTIONS ..... 26 C. THEORIES OF REMEDIATION AND PROCEDURAL PROTECTIONS .... 31 III. COMPATIBILITY OF HUDSON AND MENDOZA -MARTINEZ WITH CONSTITUTIONAL LAW AND POLICY ........................ 34 IV. CIVIL PENALTIES OR CIVIL RIGHTS?: THE SYSTEMIC SOCIAL EFFECT T HEORY ........................................... 4 1 A. THE SSET: A POLICY-ORIENTED TEST ..................... 42 1. General Application of the Theory .................... 42 2. Definitional Challenges ........................ 44 3. Public and Private Interests Under the SSET ......... 46 4. Theories of Remedial Punishment ................... 48 V. Is DETERRENCE AN INSEPARABLE FUNCTION OF CIVIL SANCTIONS? ... 50 A. ECONOMIC THEORIES OF TORT AND DETERRENCE ............... 53 * Associate Professor, The College of Law at Arizona State University. © 2005, Aaron Xavier Fellmeth. J.D., Yale Law School; M.A., International Relations, Yale University; A.B., University of California, Berkeley. The author thanks Gary Lowenthal, Andrew Askland, Linda Demaine, Amy Haddix, Laura Nader, and Jim Nickel for their comments on earlier drafts of this paper. Beth DiFelice and the library staff of the ASU College of Law provided much appreciated research assistance. The ideas expressed herein are the author's and may not reflect the opinions of any of the aforementioned persons or any affiliated organization.