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8 JSEAHR 89 (2024)
Resilient Traditions, Modern Realities: Women's Agency in Minangkabau's Political Economy

handle is hein.journals/jseahr8 and id is 94 raw text is: Journal of Southeast Asian Human Rights, Vol. 8 Issue. 1 June 2024 pp. 89 - 114 doi: 10._9_1_ 8 eab 8 1_ © University of Jember & Indonesian Consortium for Human Rights Lecturers Resilient Traditions, Modern Realities: Women's Agency in Minangkabau's Political Economy Maryam Jamilah Universitas Andalas, Indonesia Email: maryamjamilahmj73@gmail.com Satria Ananda Universitas Andalas, Indonesia Email: satriaananda@gmail.com Asrinaldi Universitas Andalas, Indonesia Email: asrinaldi@soc.unand.ac.id Abstract This study explores the political economy of Minangkabau, a culturally rich and the world's largest matrilineal community. The research focuses on understanding the power dynamics between men and women by conducting a gender analysis. The findings reveal that Minangkabau women hold a unique and privileged societal position. Traditionally, societal expectations allocate more roles and responsibilities to men, particularly in economic and political domains. Contemporarily, the special rights held by women have faded and been replaced by dominant male gender roles. Some gender roles have begun to disappear, such as the role of Bundo kanduang, mamak and tigo tungku sajarangan. In accessing economic resources, Minangkabau women experience challenges from men, private parties, and the government. These ignore the role of women as the legitimate owners of inherited property in Minangkabau land. Meanwhile, Minangkabau women have difficulty competing with men within systems that tend to be biased for political resources. In addition, Minangkabau women increasingly participate in productive work, demonstrating their ability to compete with men in the labor market. Despite these advancements, the study highlights a challenge for Minangkabau women. Keywords: Matnhneal, Gender, Political Economy, gender roles, resources, gender divsion oflabo