What Is HeinOnline?
HeinOnline is a subscription-based resource containing thousands of academic and legal journals from inception; complete coverage of government documents such as U.S. Statutes at Large, U.S. Code, Federal Register, Code of Federal Regulations, U.S. Reports, and much more. Documents are image-based, fully searchable PDFs with the authority of print combined with the accessibility of a user-friendly and powerful database. For more information, request a quote or trial for your organization below.
Already a HeinOnline Subscriber?
Log In
![handle is hein.journals/hascom45 and id is 28 raw text is:
Generative and Al Authored Artworks and
Copyright Law
BY MICHAEL D. MURRAY*
TABLE OF CONTENTS
I. INTRODUCTION.............................................................................. 28
II. THE NFT AND THE ARTWORK................................................... 28
III. COPYRIGHT REQUIREMENTS ................................................... 29
A . A n A uthor ................................................................. . 29
B . T h e W ork .................................................................. . . 30
C. Originality and Creativity ........................................... 30
D. Expression and Fixation in Media ................................. 31
IV. GENERATIVE NFTS AND THE QUESTION OF AUTHORSHIP IN
COPYRIGHT LAW ..................................................................... 32
A. Forms of Generative Art ............................................. 32
B. Random Generation is Not Authorship........................ 36
C. Copyrightable Art Must be Designed and Created by a
Human Even if Machines and Algorithms do the Actual
Rendering of the Expression......................................... 38
D. Generative Art Produced by Artificial Intelligence ......... 41
E. What if You Don't Care About Copyright Ownership Over
Al or Generative Art? .................................................. 42
V. CONCLUSION ................................................................................43
*Author of A SHORT AND HAPPY GUIDE TO COPYRIGHT (West 2d ed. 2022), Michael D. Murray is
the Spears Gilbert Associate Professor of Law at the University of Kentucky, J. David Rosenberg College
of Law. Professor Murray is the principal investigator of the Blockchain, Cryptocurrency, NFT, and
Metaverse Law Project at the University of Kentucky. Professor Murray thanks Dean Mary Davis and
the University of Kentucky, J. David Rosenberg College of Law faculty research grant program for their
ongoing support of his research.
[27]](ViewImageLocal?handle=hein.journals/hascom45&div=5&collection=&method=preview&ext=.png&size=3)