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32 Technium Soc. Sci. J. 592 (2022)
Enhancing the Indonesia Air Defense System: Confronting the Challenges and Military Build-up in the Indo Pacific Region

handle is hein.journals/techssj32 and id is 592 raw text is: Technium Social Sciences Journal Vol. 32, 592-624, June, 2022 ISSN: 2668-7798 A C s %A www.techniumscience.com Enhancing the Indonesia Air Defense System: Confronting the challenges and military build-up In the Indo Pacific region Norman Joesoef Indonesia Defence University njoesoef@gmail.com Abstract. As the fourth most populous country in the world, and the 17th strongest military power in the world (according to global fire power index) Indonesia is racing towards modernisation of its militaries. Understanding the worldwide conflict of the 21st century against the backdrop of South China Sea potential conflict, and as a non-bloc country, Indonesia is at a crossroads. Between reality and survivability. Modern Air Defence Systems is the key to national sovereignty and safety. Keywords. Missile, air defense, Indonesia, China, South China Sea, Defence, Technology Introducing the hypothesis The case for Indonesia to establish credible nationwide air defense and airspace situational awareness systems to maintain the right of passage of aircraft, and vessels in Indonesian and international waters and airspace, and to maintain the safety of more than 270 million citizens is more critical today than at any part of its history. Primarily, the Asia Pacific region has become an evolving, and tense geopolitical tinder box fuelled with the factors discussed below. At some point before 2045, or even two decades earlier, a series of incidents and occurrences will trigger an all out sophisticated hybrid conflict involving nations surrounding the South China Sea. And by all accounts, the preparation should be well on the way to cope with this inevitable crisis in the making. The first and foremost factor is China's blatant, assertive and formal control of the airspace and maritime territory marked by the nine dashed lines map from 1947 which Chinese scholars and officials claim go back to the a document called the Yi Zhou Shu (d .-5/ i ii) from about 1046-771 BCE. Today, all 'respectful' China-based analysis and academics affirm that historical claim of the name and ownership of the South China Sea.1 Numerous scholarly recollections suggested continued Chinese control of the waters long before the onset of colonialism in Southeast Asia. Hence, the Chinese government and the PLA will not tolerate non-compliance to their new legislations by the US and Australian navies as they continue to conduct 'freedom of navigation exercises' in the disputed waters. Beijing 'Wang, Z. (2015). Chinese Discourse on the Nine-Dashed Line. Asian Survey, 55(3), 502-524. 592