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92 W. Va. L. Rev. 577 (1989-1990)
Clearly Erroneous: The Fourth Circuit's Decision to Uphold Removal of a State-Bar Disciplinary Proceeding under the Federal-Officer Removal Statute

handle is hein.journals/wvb92 and id is 589 raw text is: West Virginia Law Review Volume 92 Spring 1990 Number 3 CLEARLY ERRONEOUS: THE FOURTH CIRCUIT'S DECISION TO UPHOLD REMOVAL OF A STATE- BAR DISCIPLINARY PROCEEDING UNDER THE FEDERAL-OFFICER REMOVAL STATUTE FRANYLiN D. CLECKLEY* I. INTRODUCTION ........................................................ 578 II. THE LACK OF LEGAL GROUNDS FOR THE KoLIBsH D ECISION ............................................................... 585 A. The Unreviewability on Appeal of the District Court's Remand Order ..................................... 585 B. The Under Color of Office Requirement and the Averment of a Federal Defense: The Insufficiency of the Pleadings ............................................... 594 C. The Under Color of Office Requirement and the Averment of a Federal Defense: The Unavailability of an Immunity Defense ................................... 603 D. The Absence of Other Federal Interests Sufficient to Support Removal ......................................... 609 E. The Inconsistency of Kolibash with Supreme Court Precedent Recognizing the Important State Interest in Regulating Attorney Misconduct ..................... 615 F. The Civil Action or Criminal Prosecution Re- quirement: The Special Status of Disciplinary Proceedings ..................................................... 621 * Arthur B. Hodges Professor of Law, West Virginia University College of Law; A.B. 1962, Anderson College; J.D. 1965, Indiana University at Bloomington; LL.M. 1969, Harvard University.