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34 Tex. Tech L. Rev. 377 (2002-2003)
The Death of the New Buffalo: The Fifth Circuit Slays Indian Gaming in Texas

handle is hein.journals/text34 and id is 391 raw text is: THE DEATH OF THE NEW BUFFALO: THE FIFTH CIRCUIT SLAYS INDIAN GAMING IN TEXAS I. INTRODUCTION ........................................ 378 II. HISTORY OF U.S.-TRIBAL RELATIONS ...................... 380 A. Indian Citizenship Today ............................ 380 B. The Removal Era .................................. 381 C. The Termination and Relocation Era (1945-1960) ........ 382 D. The Move Toward Self-Determination (1960-Today) ...... 383 E. The Rise of Indian Gaming .......................... 385 III. LEGAL HISTORY OF INDIAN GAMING ISSUE ................. 386 A. The Courts Consider the Goal of Federal Indian Policy for the Last Time: California v. Cabazon Band of Mission Indians .......................................... 386 B. Balancing Competing Interests: The Indian Gaming Regulatory Act .................................... 390 1. General Provisions of IGRA ..................... 390 2. Congress Intended the Cabazon Rationale to Apply to IG RA ....................................... 391 C. The Death Knell Sounds for the IGRA: Seminole Tribe of Florida v. Florida .................................. 395 IV. THE TEXAS DILEMMA .................................. 396 A. The History of the Restoration Act .................... 397 B. The New Buffalo 's Last Stand Ysleta del Sur Pueblo v. T exas ........................................... 401 1. IGRA, Not the Restoration Act, Should Control the Issue of Indian Gaming in Texas .................. 402 2. The Fifth Circuit Interpreted the Language of the Tribal Resolution, Not the Language of the Restoration Act .. 406 3. The Restoration Act Does Not Constitute a Complete Ban on All Tribal Gaming Activities ............... 409 a. The Plain Language of the Restoration Act Indicates That Congress Intended the Cabazon Analysis to Apply When Interpreting the Act ..... 410 b. The Legislative History of the Restoration Act Indicates That Congress Intended the Cabazon Analysis to Apply to the Restoration Act ........ 411 c. Indian Gaming is Legal Under the Restoration Act Using the Cabazon Analysis .............. 415 C. Policy and Equitable Considerations Justify Preserving the Existence of Indian Gaming in Texas .................. 416 1. The Restoration Act is the Result of Coercion ........ 416 2. Federal Indian Policy Supports Indian Gaming ...... 418