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19 Tex. Tech. Admin. L.J. 365 (2017-2018)
21st Century Casinos: How the Digital Era Changed the Face of Gambling and What Texas Should Do to Combat It

handle is hein.journals/ttalr19 and id is 385 raw text is: 21ST CENTURY CASINOS: HOW THE DIGITAL ERA CHANGED THE FACE OF GAMBLING AND WHAT TEXAS SHOULD DO TO COMBAT IT I. INTRODUCTION ....................................... ........ 365 A. BriefHistory of Online Gambling, Non-Online Gambling, and Microtransactions ...................... ............... 366 B. Understanding Online Gambling... ............................ 367 C. BriefHistory of Microtransactions ..................... 368 D. Digital Assets Explained. ............................ 369 1. The Market of Online Gambling with Digital Assets ............ 370 II. FEDERAL & STATE STATUTES REGARDING GAMBLING....... ...... 370 A. State Statute: Gambling........................ 370 1. Bet........................................ 371 2. Other thing of value: Digital Assets ............. ..... 371 3. The Fuzzy Animal Defense .................. ...... 372 4. Social Gambling Defense ................... ...... 373 a. Private Place......................... ..... 373 b. Economic Benefit other than Personal Winnings ........... 374 c. Risk of Winning and Losing Were Equal for All Participants .......................... ..... 375 B. Ways the Federal Government Polices Online Gambling & How the Federal Government Works in Tandem with State Law.............................. ............. 376 1. Federal Wire Act .......................... .... 376 2. Unlawful Internet Gambling Enforcement Act of 2006......... 377 C. Potential Jurisdictional & Constitutional Issues .. .......... 378 III. ADMINISTRATIVE AGENCY LAW.......................... 380 IV. WHY TEXAS NEEDS AN AGENCY TO IMPOSE CIVIL SANCTIONS ON ONLINE GAMBLING PLATFORMS AND WEBSITES......... ......... 380 A. Why the Offenses Succeed.. ........................... 381 B. Why the Defenses Would Fail .................. ...... 381 1. How the Fuzzy Animal Defense Fails.... ................. 383 C. Regulative Concerns ................................... 383 D. Jurisdictional and Constitutional Concerns ...................... 384 V. CONCLUSION ................................................ 384 I. INTRODUCTION There is much debate regarding the topic of gambling in the United States, with some states regulating and others criminalizing all forms of 365