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3 Pakistan J.L. Analysis & Wisdom 93 (2024)
Role of SCO in Countering Non-Traditional Security Threats in SCO Region

handle is hein.journals/pknjlolw3 and id is 1892 raw text is: Pakistan Journal of Law, Analysis and Wisdom Volume No. 3, Issue No. 8, August 2024 e-ISSN: 2959-0825, p-ISSN: 2959-0817 http://pjlaw.com.pk Role of SCO in Countering Non-Traditional Security Threats in SCO Region Ms. Itrat Zehra PhD Candidate, The School of Politics and International Relations, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad itratzahra72&gmail.com Abstract The SCO has emerged as a crucial regional forum for promoting cooperation and addressing various security challenges among its member states. As the SCO continues to evolve, it faces a diverse array of traditional and non-traditional security threats that pose significant challenges to its objectives of ensuring regional stability and security. These threats are often rooted in historical grievances and geopolitical rivalries, posing a constant challenge to the organization's efforts to maintain peace and security in the region. This article will examine the role of SCO in countering non-traditional security threats faced by the SCO members, analyzing their origins, implications, and the SCO's responses to these challenges. By understanding these threats, we can gain insights into the evolving security landscape in the SCO region and the organization's role in addressing these pressing security concerns. Keywords: Shanghai Cooperation Organization, Security, Regional Stability, Peace © 2024 The Authors. This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License. 1. Introduction Deputy Secretary General of SCO Economic Cooperation Department at SCO Secretariat Amb (R) Sohail Khan stated the globalized world led by UN is facing chaos in most parts of the world i.e. Russia-Ukraine War, Climate Change, Debt crises situations, refugee issues and negligence of global north dominated international organizations have compelled the developing countries of Global South to find regional solutions to common problems. Global south is emerging to balance its role in emerging world order. In this context, SCO has become more relevant in the wake of inefficacy of UN and other international organization in resolving abovementioned NTSTs in various parts of the world especially global south. 1.1 SCO formation The concept of trade facilitation and economic cooperation first evolved in the 1990s as part of the Shanghai Five framework, but it wasn't until 2001 that the SCO was established and a Secretariat was established that this project gained steam. In that same year, members of the Shanghai Cooperation Organization signed a memorandum of understanding focusing on regional economic cooperation, which was followed by the establishment of the Multilateral Trade and Development Program in 2003. According to Professor Wang, Head of International Relations Department, Shanghai University of Political Science, The most effective regional organization in Eurasia is SCO. The SCO member countries share common interests in security, stability, economic and trade cooperation, and the obstacles they face in reaching consensus will not be too many. Since the establishment of the SCO, member countries have reached many consensus or agreements on border area security, disarmament and military mutual trust, combating Three Evil Forces (of separatism, extremism and terrorism), conducting economic and trade cooperation, and eradicating poverty. 1.2 SCO Conventions, Declaration and Joint Statements on NTS in SCO Region 93