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20 Cardozo J. Int'l & Comp. L. 313 (2011-2012)
Property on the Borderline: A Comparative Analysis of the Legal Status of Animals in Canada and the United States

handle is hein.journals/cjic20 and id is 317 raw text is: ARTICLES PROPERTY ON THE BORDERLINE: A COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF THE LEGAL STATUS OF ANIMALS IN CANADA AND THE UNITED STATES Maneesha Deckha* TABLE OF CONTENTS I. INTRO D UCTION ........................................................................ 314 II. COMPARING THE UNITED STATES AND CANADA: BEYOND A NTI-CRUELTY ........................................................ 319 III. TORT: THE MEASURE OF DAMAGES FOR INJURIES TO COMPANION A NIMALS ............................................................ 321 A . U nited States .................................................................... 322 B . C anada ............................................................................... 328 C . Sum m ary ........................................................................... 331 IV. FAMILY LAW AND CUSTODY: THE BEST INTEREST STA N D A R D ............................................................................... 332 A . U nited States .................................................................... 333 B . C anad a ............................................................................... 337 C . Sum m ary ........................................................................... 346 V. ESTATES: COMPANION ANIMAL TRUSTS ............................... 346 A . U nited States .................................................................... 347 B . C anad a ............................................................................... 349 C . D estruction by W ill .......................................................... 355 D . Sum m ary ........................................................................... 357 VI. GUARDIANSHIP: A REPLACEMENT FOR OWNERSHIP .......... 357 A . U nited States .................................................................... 358 B . C anada ............................................................................... 362 C . Sum m ary ........................................................................... 362 V II. C ONCLUSION ............................................................................ 362