Universal Jurisdiction and the Crime of Aggression 53 Harvard International Law Journal 2012

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53 Harv. Int'l L.J. 357 (2012)
Universal Jurisdiction and the Crime of Aggression

handle is hein.journals/hilj53 and id is 361 raw text is: VOLUME 53, NUMBER 2, SUMMER 2012

Universal Jurisdiction and the Crime
of Aggression
Michael P. Scharf
TABLE OF CONTENTS
INTRODUCTION . .................................... ..........358
1. BACKGROUND: THE CRIME OF AGGRESSION ............. 360
A. From Nuremberg to Kampala ....................... 360
B. The Kampala Amendments ......................... 362
II. CUSTOMARY INTERNATIONAL LAW AND THE CRIME OF
AGGRESSION.......................................... 365
A. Universal jurisdiction: A Primer ..................... 365
B. The Nuremberg Precedent .......................... 369
C. Did Nuremberg Apply Universal jurisdiction? .......... 374
D. The Presumption of Legitimacy ...................... 379
III. CONCERNS AND REMEDIES ............................ 381
A. Pitfalls of Domestic Prosecution of Aggression............ 381
B. Are the Concerns Overstated? ....................... 382
C. Proposed Safeguards ..... ......................... 386
IV. CONCLUSION ......................................... 388