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15 Geo. Int'l Envtl. L. Rev. 105 (2002-2003)
Safe Harbors: Crafting an International Solution to Cruise Ship Pollution

handle is hein.journals/gintenlr15 and id is 115 raw text is: Safe Harbors: Crafting an International Solution to Cruise Ship Pollution ANDREW SCHULKIN* CONTENTS Intrnduction II. Crui A. B. C. III. Need A. B. C. D. IV. Inter C. V. Impr A. B. C. D. VI. Conc se Ship Pollution and its Effect on the Environment ............ Size and Scope ................................... W astes Produced .................................. 1. Sew age . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . .. .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2. G ray W ater .................................. 3. A ir Pollution ................................. 4. Hazardous W aste .............................. 5. Solid W aste .................................. 6. Oily Bilge W ater ............................... Health and Environmental Effects ....................... for an International Solution .......................... Foreign Flags .................................... Inconsistent Regulations ............................. Protecting Developing Nations ......................... Preserving International W aters ........................ national Law ..................................... United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea ............ International Convention for the Prevention of Pollution from Ships (M ARPOL) ................................. Customary International Law .......................... ovem ents .. ..... ... ........ .. ..... . ... ... . . .. .. . Radical Reformulations ............................. 1. IM O Enforcement .............................. 2. Port State Enforcement ........................... 3. Eliminate Flags of Convenience ..................... Voluntary Compliance .............................. Crafting an International Response ...................... 1. U N C LO S ................................... 2. M A RPO L ................................... National Enforcement Alternatives ...................... lusion.......................................... * The author is a 2002 graduate of the Georgetown University Law Center and a former notes editor for this journal. He would like to thank Alyse Freilich for all her love and support and Professor Lisa Heinzerling for her valuable input on this note.