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14 Geo. Int'l Envtl. L. Rev. 135 (2001-2002)
Germany's Solid Waste Disposal System: Shifting the Responsibility

handle is hein.journals/gintenlr14 and id is 145 raw text is: Germany's Solid Waste Disposal System: Shifting the Responsibility AMY HALPERT* CONTENTS 1. Introduction ............................................ 136 II. Solid Waste and the Packaging Ordinance ....................... 137 A. The Solid Waste Problem in Germany ...................... 137 B. The Polluter Pays Principle ............................ 139 C. Goals of the Packaging Ordinance ......................... 140 D. Amendments to the Packaging Ordinance .................... 141 1. Shift to Nationwide Recycling and Recovery Quotas ....... 141 2. New Basis of Calculation for Recycling and Recovery Quotas ......... ............................ 142 E. Uniform Compliance for All Manufacturers and Distributors ..... 143 F. Quota for the Mechanical Recycling of Plastic Packaging ....... 143 III. Germany's Dual System - A Solution to the Primary Packaging Problem ............................................... 144 A. The Take-Back Principles ............................. 144 B. Duales System Deutschland ............................. 144 C. Dual System Collections ................................ 146 D. The Packaging Ordinance Amendment ...................... 147 E. Integrating DSD and the Waste Management System .......... 148 IV. A Critique of the German Waste Disposal System ................. 149 A. Favorable German Reaction to Separate Waste Collection ...... 149 B. Criticism of the Separate Collection of Waste ............... 150 1. An Environmentally Sound Package ................... 150 2. Conflict with Antitrust Laws .......................... 150 3. Encouragement of Free Riders ...................... 151 4. Health Effects, Price Increases, and Discrimination ........ 151 5. Consumer Incentives ............................... 152 6. Concerns of Exporting Companies ..................... 152 7. Harmonization of Environmental Standards in the European Community ..................................... 153 V. Implications for Foreign Policymakers ........................ 153 A. Impact on European Policymakers ......................... 153 B. Impact on U.S. Policymakers ............................. 155 C. Mechanisms to Expand Manufacturer Responsibility .......... 157 * J.D./M.F.S., Candidate 2002, Georgetown University Law Center and Edmund A. Walsh School of Foreign Service.