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17 Tex. J. Oil Gas & Energy L. 38 (2021-2022)
Oil and Gas Pipeline Cybersecurity

handle is hein.journals/texjogel17 and id is 180 raw text is: OIL AND GAS PIPELINE CYBERSECURITY LYLE PAUL* TABLE OF CONTENTS 1. IN TRODU CTION ................................................................................... 39 Purpose, Scope, and Structure ......................................................... 40 2. OIL AND GAS INFRASTRUCTURE AND CYBERATTACK TECHNOLOGY.... 41 2.1. Oil and Gas Pipeline Digitization............................................. 41 2.1.1. SCADA Systems Hardware and Functionality............... 42 2.1.2. SCADA System Network and Software.......................... 44 2.2. Cyberattacks and Oil and Gas Infrastructure ............................ 47 2.2.1. Types of Cyber Threat Actors......................................... 47 2.2.2. Vulnerabilities and Modes of Cyberattacks.................... 50 2.2.3. Impact Framework of Cyberattacks on Oil and Gas Infrastructure.................................................................. 53 2.2.4. Case Studies of Oil and Gas Cyberattacks....................... 54 3. REGULATION OF OIL AND GAS PIPELINE CYBERSECURITY................... 58 3.1 Government Regulatory Bodies ................................................. 59 3.2 Oil and Gas Industry Regulatory Bodies .................................... 61 3.3 Current Issues and Developments in Regulation.........................62 4. REGULATION GOING FORWARDS: VOLUNTARY RECOMMENDATIONS AND MANDATORY STANDARDS....................... 63 4.1 Efficacy Issues of Mandatory Regulations ................................64 4.2 Resource Issues and Considerations for Mandatory Regulations.... 66 4.3 Neither a Specific Agency nor a Specific Company is an Exemplar of Perfect Cybersecurity...........................................69 5. C ON CLU SION .................................................................................. 70 * Lyle Paul received a Bachelor of Arts from the University of Texas at Austin and is currently in his second year of studies at the University of Texas School of Law.