About | HeinOnline Law Journal Library | HeinOnline Law Journal Library | HeinOnline

LOG IN
LOG IN


1 Melissa Nyoni & Francesca Batault, At the Margins: Gendered Barriers to Accessing Reintegration Programming in the Lake Chad Basin 1 (2025)

handle is hein.unl/atttemns0001 and id is 1 raw text is: Introduction Disarmament, Demobilization, and Reinte- gration (DDR) has long been recognized as a key pillar of post-conflict recovery. How- ever, in practice, its efforts to help transition members of armed groups to civilian life have often failed to sufficiently reach all of those involved in conflict. Historically, DDR was narrowly conceptualized for male com- batants with eligibility criteria (e.g., the sur- render of weapons, referral lists) that sys- tematically excluded women and girls. Women and girls associated with armed groups- whether as fighters in some cases, informants, cooks, porters, or wives - were often not prioritized within DDR frameworks, as they were not considered threats who could remobilize. The specific vulnerabili- ties and experiences of women and girls, in- cludingforced recruitment, sexualviolence, coercion, and caregiving under conflict, were consistently overlooked and as a re- sult, as has been highlighted by UNIDIR, women and girls were regularly excluded or under-supported in their transitions to civil- ian life.' Critically, the Women, Peace, and Security (WPS) agenda from its founding with UN Security Council Resolution 13252 and the Integrated DDR Standards (IDDRS)3 for- mally recognized the need for gender-re- sponsive reintegration processes. The 'Julia Palik and Hana Salama, Challenging the invisibility of women combatants: Five steps towards gender re- sponsive DDR, IPI Global Observatory, 21 October, 2024. 2 UN Security Council, Resolution 1325 (S/RES/1325), United Nations, 31 October 2000. 3 United Nations DDR Resource Center, tandards , 2023. 1