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186 World Affs. 4 (2023)

handle is hein.journals/wrldaf186 and id is 1 raw text is: 










      NOTE FROM THE EDITOR:

 Climate  Change  Justice, Human Rights Violations and the
 UN,  Gray  Zone  Warfare,  China' s Civil-Military  Relations,
                and  the Two   Wars  in Ukraine



Keywords: Climate Change, Paris Agreement, United Nations Human
Rights Council, Universal Periodic Review, Gray Zone Warfare, Hybrid
Warfare, Ukraine War, Energy  Crisis, Russia, Europe, China, Africa,
Turkish Foreign Policy




   Welcome   to the first 2023 issue of volume 186 of World Affairs!
   I am delighted to present to our readers a very full lineup of articles,
commentaries, and a letter to the editor in this issue-all spanning a wide
range of extremely pressing topics in current affairs. These include: the
Paris Agreement and climate change responsibilities, the Ukraine war,
human  rights violations and the UN Human Rights Council, gray zone
warfare, and Moscow's anti-Western turn, among others.
   The first two in-depth articles this time examine and problematize the
place of legal technicalities and their interpretation in international
agreements and organizations and how these can often affect govern-
ment policy adversely. In The UN Human Rights Council's Universal
Periodic Review as a  Rhetorical Battlefield of Nations, Schimmel
(2023) questions the efficacy of the Universal Periodic Review (UPR) in
providing sufficient incentives for countries to bring their policies more
in line with international human rights law. Taking the case of Saudi
Arabia, and moving well beyond it, the author offers a compelling set
of arguments showing that many states that habitually violate human
rights as a matter of policy use the UPR strategically and rhetorically as
mechanism  to defend, downplay, and deny  their continuing human
rights violations. While Schimmel acknowledges the value and positive
aspects of the UPR in detail, his findings suggest that, at best, it has not


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