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67 Wm. & Mary L. Rev. Online 1 (2025-2026)

handle is hein.journals/willmaon67 and id is 1 raw text is: William & Mary Law Review Online VOLUME 67 No. 1, 2025 FREE WILL, RESPONSIBILITY, AND THE CORPORATION: A CRITIQUE OF CORPORATE CRIMINAL LIABILITY INTRODUCTION ....................................... 3 I. BACKGROUND .. ..................................... 6 A. Free Will and Criminal Liability ..................... 6 1. A Brief Aside on Free Will ........................ 8 B. Entity Liability: Mens Rea and Intent ................. 10 1. Vicarious Liability .............................. 10 2. The Corporate Mind (Monist Theories) .............. 11 II. THE PROBLEM OF CORPORATE CRIMINAL LIABILITY AND FREE W ILL ........................................ 12 A. The Failures of Current Theories of Corporate Mind State and Intent-Formation ............................. 13 1. The Failure of Vicarious Liability .................. 13 2. The Failure of Monist Theories .................... 16 B. The Practical and Policy Failures of Entity Liability..... 18 1. Breakdown in the Mechanics of Deterrence ........... 19 2. Moral Hazard and Externalities ................... 23 III. THE SOLUTION: AN INDIVIDUAL LIABILITY REGIME ........ 27 A. Proposing a New Theory of Criminal Liability for Corporate Crime................................... 27 1. Identification of the Proper Subject of Punishment..... 27 2. Punishment ................................... 29 B. Additional Policy Considerations ................... 31 1