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5 J. WTO & China 3 (2015)

handle is hein.journals/jwtoch5 and id is 1 raw text is: China and the Developing Countries in the WTO China and the Developing Countries in the WTO Constantine Michalopoulos* Abstract: China's membership in the WTO has ushered a new era of trade relationships with developing countries. This has involved participation in multilateral trade negotiations, where China has typically supported developing country positions, but also the use of trade remedies, such as antidumping, both by China and against China. Similarly, China has been both a complainant and respondent in trade disputes handled by WTO. This paper shows that it has been China's policy to avoid targeting other developing countries either by raising complaints or by introducing anti- dumping measures on their manufacturing exports. At the same time China has been the target of anti-dumping measures far less proportionately than its share of manufacturing imports in developing and developed countries. These policies put China in a position to play a leadership role for developing countries in future agreements reached in the WTO, such as the most recent agreement on Trade Facilitation. Early implementation of this agreement by China would be both beneficial to its economy and would set a good example for other developing countries less well positioned in international trade. Keywords: China trade policy, WTO, Developing countries, Anti-dumping I. INTRODUCTION China's accession to the World Trade Organization (WTO) was momentous for both the country and the organization. For China, accession promoted the transition to a market- oriented economy and the implementation of rules and standards used by trade partners worldwide. For the WTO, China's accession increased the organization's standing as the preeminent global institution of international trade, by bringing into its fold the biggest trading power that remained outside its purview. The prolonged process was unique in many ways, not only for the length of negotiations, but also for the conditions attached to accession, giving rise to much literature (Bhattasali, Li and Martin, 2004; Michalopoulos, 2000; Michalopoulos, 2003). *Constantine Michalopoulos. Visiting Scholar and Adjunct Professor. School of Advanced International Studies of Johns Hopkins University, Washington DC, US. Email: cmichal6@jhu.edu. This article was a Note prepared for the 13 h Annual Conference on WTO and China, Beijing 18 December 2014.