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66 J. Broad. & Elec. Media 1 (2022)

handle is hein.journals/jbem66 and id is 1 raw text is: JOURNAL OF BROADCASTING & ELECTRONIC MEDIA 2022, VOL. 66, NO. 1, 1-21 https://doi.org/1 0.1080/08838151.2022.2039145 Routledge Taylor & Francis Group Understanding and Attenuating Overreported TV News Exposure: Testing Anonymity, Self-Affirmation, and Cognitive Survey Manipulations Danit Shalev and Yariv Tsfati Department of Communication, University of Haifa, Haifa, Israel Media exposure is a key variable in communication research that is fundamental to the investigation of communication effects (De Vreese & Neijens, 2016). Given the centrality of media exposure as a pivotal construct in communication research, valid and reliable measurement of this construct is crucial for research to make progress (Peter et al., 2019). While automated data collection is becoming more common, self- reporting is the most widely used approach in academic research, given that automated tracking data cannot measure more sophisticated constructs such as perceptions, beliefs and attitudes and given that there is still various data that cannot be collected in automated systems. Much automatically tracked data is unfortunately also still unavailable for academic scholars. CONTACT Yariv Tsfati ® ytsfati@com.haifa.ac.il Q University of Haifa, 199 Abba Khoushy Blvd, Haifa 3498838, Israel 0 Supplemental data for this article can be accessed on the publisher's website. © 2022 Broadcast Education Association