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13 J. Bus. Entrepreneurship & L. 1 (2019-2020)

handle is hein.journals/jbelw13 and id is 1 raw text is: GENDER DIVERSITY IN CORPORATE BOARDROOMS: Do EQUAL SEATS MEAN EQUAL VOICES? Nicolena Farias-Eisner* INTRODUCTION ...........................................1 I. HISTORY OF GENDER DIVERSITY ON BOARDS ..............3 A. Understanding the Breakdown of a Corporate Board.......................... 3 B. The Evolution of Corporate Boards' Composition. 4 C. The United States and Gender Diverse Corporate Boardrooms ..................... 5 1. America's Approach to Gender Diversity on Boards ............ ............. 5 2. Why Minimal Female Representations on Boards . ............ 9 3. Trend Towards Increasing Gender Diverse Boards..................... 9 4. The United States Versus Other Countries .................... 13 II. WHY THE RECENT MOVEMENT .................... .....17 A. The Crucial Turning Points of 2016 and 2017..... 17 B. Impact of Growing Trend of Improving Gender Diverse Boards. ........... ............... 18 C. The Current State ............... ........ 21 D. Counterarguments and Opposition ........... 26 III. FUTURE SOCIAL IMPACT OF INCREASING GENDER DIVERSITY IN CORPORATE BOARDROOMS ........................29 IV. POLICY IMPLICATIONS ......................... .......31 CONCLUSION.............................................32 INTRODUCTION Clara Abbott and Lettie Pate Whitehead were two of the first female corporate directors in the United States-Clara Abbott as director of Abbott Laboratories in 1900 and Lettie Pate Whitehead as a board