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16 Int'l Theory 1 (2024)

handle is hein.journals/intheory16 and id is 1 raw text is: International Theory (2024), 16 (1), 1-25 doi:10.1017/S175297192300012X Trm i(:naio iI 4' i tlr RESEARCH ARTICLE Property and international relations: lessons from Locke on anarchy and sovereignty Nancy Bertoldi Department of Political Science, University of Toronto, 100 St. George Street, Toronto, Canada M5S 3G3 Email: nancy.bertoldi@chass.utoronto.ca (Received 29 March 2022; revised 19 November 2022; accepted 3 August 2023; first published online 12 September 2023) Keywords: property; anarchy; sovereignty; international society; international ethics; world order; global justice Property is a foundational building block of our modern world order in international practice. Not only does it heavily shape international interactions, it is also regarded as a cornerstone of peace and prosperity by prominent international actors. As an example, consider how the World Bank has great expectations from property for eliminating poverty, decreasing inequality, protecting rights, addressing climate change, and reducing conflict.1 These presumed benefits have led senior World Bank analysts to propose that securing property rights should be 'lifted to the top of the global agenda'.2 The example illustrates the perceived importance attached to property in international practice and points to its role in shaping conceptions 'World Bank 2020. 2Tuck and Zakout 2019. © The Author(s), 2023. Published by Cambridge University Press. This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution licence (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unre- stricted re-use, distribution and reproduction, provided the original article is properly cited.