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3 Eur. J. Sec. Rsch. 1 (2018)

handle is hein.journals/eupnjfos3 and id is 1 raw text is: Eur J Secur Res (2018) 3:1-13 CrossMark https://doi.org/10. 1007/s41 125-017-0026-4 |U 0 I I11 Al Historicizing Environmental Security Cornel Zwierlein1'2 Received: 7 June 2017 /Accepted: 14 October 2017 /Published online: 15 December 2017 © Springer International Publishing AG, part of Springer Nature 2017 Environmental security is a bountiful but seldom narrowly defined notion within current security studies (Barnett 2001, pp 25-49; 2007; Dyer 2001; Allison 2014; Deudney 1990; Weintraub 1995; Dyer 1996; Carrapatoso 2011; Lautensach and Lautensach 2014). The link between awareness of environmental problems and security is usually historically situated as a part of the emergence of post-World War II global environmental politics, a major step being the 1972 Stockholm conference.1 Environmental security covers security politics that investigates either the security of states or that of humans from direct or indirect environmental threats (Carrapatoso 2011, p 211f). The debate about whether the major actor and object of security studies should be the state or people, as has been the agenda of the human security approach since at least the 1990s, returns here with regard to the environment. The other distinction between direct or indirect threats concerns the question of the politics of prevention, or security measures immediately taken during emergency situations following a natural catastrophe, or long-term threats such as conflict, war, food shortages, and migration as actual or supposed consequences of either environmental degradation or climate change. As such, 'environmental security' could be understood as a sub-field of the human security agenda, with the very broad definition of human security as freedom from fear and want also encompassing natural hazards and threats (Paris 2001; Owens 2012, with There is not yet, as far as I see, a global history of the Stockholm conference, but cf. the national and comparative studies (Htnem6rder 2004 (US, Germany); Kupper 2003; and more recently Manulak 2015 (Canada)). English editing by Stephen Walsh. ® Cornel Zwierlein cornel.zwierlein@uni-erfurt.de; cornel.zwierlein@rub.de Max-Weber-Kolleg Erfurt, Steinplatz 1, 99089 Erfurt, Germany 2 Historisches Institut, Universitstsstr. 150, 44801 Bochum, Germany Springer