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17 Berkeley J. Crim. L. 1 (2012)

handle is hein.journals/bjcl17 and id is 1 raw text is: The Community Right To Counsel Laura I. Appleman* TABLE OF CONTENTS Introduction ...........................................2 I. Legitimacy, Democracy and Stability: The Right to Counsel in Historical Context ...........4 A. The British Common Law Tradition ...... .......... 5 B. Colonial Rights and Community Interests . ........... 8 1. Early Colonial Society.................... 11 2. Pre-Revolutionary Charters and Laws . .......... 16 a. Friends as Advocates ..................... 16 b. Distrust of Lawyers ................. ..... 24 c. Fading Prejudice Against Defense Counsel......... 26 d. Counsel Privileges Not Written, but Assumed ... 27 3. Legal and Political Theory................... 30 a. Cesare Beccaria ........... .............. 30 b. Matthew Hale......................... 33 c. Edward Coke .......................... 34 d. William Blackstone ................. ..... 36 e. Revising Colonial Legal Texts .. .............. 37 C. The Right to Counsel in the Sights of the Revolution.... 41 1. State Constitutions and Declarations of Rights ........ 42 2. Federal Constitution/Bill of Rights ...................... 44 II. The Supreme Court and Misunderstanding .....................46 A. The Historical Right to Counsel ................................. 47 1. Powell v. Alabama .............. ............. 47 2. Faretta v. California.............. .......... 48 3. Rothgery v. Gillespie County. ......... .......... 51 III. Implications and Applications ......................52 A. Self-Representation.................. .......... 56 Copyright 0 2012 by Laura I Appleman. Associate Professor of Law, Willamette University. J.D., Yale University; B.A., M.A., English, University of Pennsylvania. Many thanks to Sam Buell, Jennifer Collins, Rose Cuison Villazor, Caroline Davidson, David Friedman, Carissa Hessick, Bill Nelson, Alice Ristroph, Nick Rosenkranz, Rodney Villazor, Norman Williams, and the faculties at Seton Hall and the University of Cincinnati for their helpful advice and comments on this paper. Thanks also to Willamette for its research support.