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58 Ateneo L.J. 1 (2013-2014)

handle is hein.journals/ateno58 and id is 1 raw text is: The Enlargement of the Definitions of Genocide and Crimes Against Humanity in the Philippines - Republic Act No. 9851 Tathiana Flores-Acuhia* I. INTRODUCTION. .................................... ........ I II. ORIGINS OF THE SPECIFIC PHILIPPINE LEGISLATION ON WAR CRIMES, CRIMES AGAINST HUMANITY, AND GENOCIDE: SENATE BILL NO. 2669 AND R.A. No. 9851 ..................... 3 III. CRIME OF GENOCIDE AND THE INCLUSION OF OTHER GROUPS IN THE DEFINITION OF R.A. No. 9851 ......................... 6 A. Origins of the Definition of the Crime of Genocide B. The New Categories Included in R.A. No. 9851: Social and Any Other Similar Stable and Permanent Group - Comparative Legislation and Developments IV. THE DEFINITION OF CRIMES AGAINST HUMANITY IN R.A. No. 9851 AND ITS ENLARGEMENT VIS-A-VIS THE ROME STATUTE ...15 A. The Inclusion of Gender by the Rome Statute as a Category in the Crime of Persecution as a Crime Against Humanity B. Sexual Orientation as One of the Grounds for Persecution Included in R.A. No. 9851 Under Crimes Against Humanity V. CONCLUSION .............................................28 I. INTRODUCTION The ambitious purpose of mankind to repress heinous crimes had its origins from the beginning of history. Nevertheless, the 19th Century already counts significant efforts by international diplomats and humanitarian leaders, efforts that crystallized in the 20th Century with the creation of the Tribunals of Nuremberg and Tokyo. Both the Convention on the Prevention and Punishment of the Crime of Genocide (Convention on Genocide)' and the principles and provisions * '94 Ph.D., Instituto Universitario Europeo; '89 LL.M., Universidad de Seville; '88 LL.M., Universidade de Costa Rica. The Author worked as Trust Fund Liaison Officer at the International Criminal Court and as Regional Legal Adviser of the International Committee of the Red Cross. In 2012, the Author worked for the Commission on Human Rights of the Philippines with the United Nations Development Program on the Project of Rule of Law and International Humanitarian Law, specifically on Republic Act (R.A.) No. 9851. Digitized from Best Copy Available