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100 Int'l L. Stud. Ser. US Naval War Col. 1 (2023)

handle is hein.intyb/ilsusnwc0100 and id is 1 raw text is: Russia-Ukraine Conflict: The War at Sea Vol. 100 Russia-Ukraine Conflict: The War at Sea Raul (Pete) Pedro.Zo* CONTENTS I. Intro du ction .......................................................................................... . . 2 II. P relude to W ar ....................................................................................... 4 A . K erch Strait Incident .................................................................. 4 B . C losure A reas ................................................................................ 8 C. Interference with Innocent Passage ............................................11 D. AIS Spoofing...................................................................................14 III. T he W ar at Sea ..................................................................................... 15 A . A ccess to the B lack Sea .................................................................15 B. Maritime Exclusion/War Zones ............................................. 25 C . N aval M ines ................................................................................ 32 D . N aval Bom bardm ent .................................................................. 39 E . D rone W arfare................................................................................47 F. H um anitarian C orridor..................................................................49 G . Q ualified N eutrality .................................................................. 52 H. Seizure of Russian Yachts (Sanctions Enforcement)............57 IV . C on clusion ............................................................................................ 59 * Captain Raul (Pete) Pedrozo, JAGC, U.S. Navy (Ret.), is the Howard S. Levie Pro- fessor of the Law of Armed Conflict at the Stockton Center for International Law, U.S. Naval War College. After retirement from the U.S. Navy, he was a Professor of International Law at the Naval War College and Principal Deputy StaffJudge Advocate, U.S. Indo-Pacific Command. On active duty, he served in senior positions in the Department of Defense, including Staff Judge Advocate, U.S. Pacific Command, and Special Assistant to the Under Secretary of Defense for Policy. The thoughts and opinions expressed are those of the author and not necessarily those of the U.S. government, the U.S. Department of the Navy, or the U.S. Naval War College. 1