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2023-2024 Title IX Alert 1 (2023-2024)

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Spring 2023


TITLE


IX ALERT


Federal Appeals Court Affirms Ruling in

Transgender Eligibility Case


By Monyae  Williamson-Gourley

      n December 16, 2022, the United
      States Court ofAppeals for the Sec-
ond Circuit affirmed the ruling of a lower
court to dismiss Soule v. Connecticut
Association of Schools, Inc. 1 The lawsuit
alleged that the defendants-appellees'
Transgender Participation Policy-which
permits high school athletes to participate
in sports consistent with their affirmed
gender rather than biologically assigned
sex - violated Title IX of the Education
Amendments   Act of 1972 (Title IX).2


1  Soule v. Connecticut Association of Schools,
   Case No. 21-1365-cv (2d Cir. Dec. 16, 2022).
2  Title IX holds that no person in the United
   States, shall, on the basis of sex, be excluded
   from participation in, be denied the benefits
   or, or be subjected to discrimination under


The court found no such violation in a
unanimous  3-0 ruling. As of February 2,
2023, the case has not been appealed to
the U.S. Supreme Court.
   SelinaSoule, ChelseaMitchell,Alanna
Smith, andAshleyNicoletti, theplaintiffs-
appellants and cisgender3 girls, were
former high school track athletes who
raced against transgender girls in events
sanctioned by the Connecticut Interscho-

   any educational program or activity receiving
   Federal financial assistance - Title IX of the
   EducationAmendments of 1972, RL. 92-318,
   20 U.S.C. % 1681.
3  The term cisgender refers to those whose
   gender assigned at birth has always coincided
   with their identity/expression - Beemyn, G.,
   & Rankin, S. (2011). The lives of transgender
   people. New York, NY: Columbia University
   Press.
        See TRANSGENDER on   Page 7


Drake Group Asks DOE
to Warn Colleges About
Providing Help to NIL
Collectives That Primarily
Benefit Male Athletes

Navigating the Intersection
of NIL and Title IX

Dismissal of Cheerleader's
Complaint Against a Texas
High School Becomes  a
Reminder Not to Jump to
Constitutional Conclusions

Claims Against the
University of Vermont and
Athletic Director Allege
Mishandling of Assault Cases


Preliminary Injunction Granted in the Case of Title IX and

Middle School Club Sports


By Rachel S. Silverman

     his lawsuit involved female students
     who wanted  to participate in the
middle  school club ice hockey team.
The  plaintiffs (Linnet Brooks, Aaron
Brooks, Michael Lucy, Elizabeth Yoder,
and Megan Abplanalp on behalf of their
minor  daughters) sought a declaratory
judgment from the Court to resolve the
alleged controversy about whether the
State College Area School District (the
District) was responsible for complying
with and enforcingTitle IXin club sports
programs.
   In the plaintiffs' opening brief, the


plaintiffs stated that the District declared
that it had no Title IX responsibility for
club sports. However, in the opposition
brief, the District stated that it is not
attempting to evade its Title IX respon-
sibility and that the District agreed that
Title IX applied to both club sports and
intramural sports. In the plaintiffs' reply
brief, they acknowledged that both the
defendants and the plaintiffs were now
in agreement about Title IX applying to
club sports.
   Since both parties were now in agree-
ment  about Title IX and club sports,
the Court found declaratory judgment
unnecessary. However, the remaining


disagreement was whether the District's
alleged conduct violated Title IX. The
dispute is in the facts of the case and
not in the initial questions regarding the
District's Title IXresponsibilities in terms
of club sports. The Court thus denied
the plaintiffs' Motion for Declaratory
Judgment,  but expected the plaintiffs
to move forward in legal action against
the District for their actions denying the
female students the opportunity to play
club ice hockey.
   The Court thereafter granted the plain-
tiffs' Motion for a Preliminary Injunction,
stating that the District could not take
             See INJUNCTION   Page 2