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2012 Census St. & Fed. Corr. Facilities 1 (2012)

handle is hein.death/csfcf0005 and id is 1 raw text is: U.S. Department of Justice Office of Justice Programs Bureau ofJustice Statistics December 2013, NCJ 243936 Correctional Populations in the United States, 2012 Lauren E. Glaze and Erinn J. Herberman, Ph.D., BJSStatisticians t yearend 2012, the combined U.S. adult correctional systems supervised about 6,937,600 offenders, down by about 51,000 offenders during the year (figure 1). The decrease observed during 2012 marked the fourth consecutive year of decline in the correctional population. However, this was the smallest decrease (down 0.7%) since the correctional population first declined in 2009, reversing a three-year trend of increasing rates of decline that started in 2009 and continued through 2011. About 1 in every 35 adult residents in the United States was under some form of correctional supervision at yearend 2012, the lowest rate observed since 1997. This report summarizes data from several Bureau of Justice Statistics (BJS) correctional data collections to provide statistics on the total population supervised by adult correctional systems in the United States. (See Methodology for sources.) These systems include offenders living in the community while supervised by probation or parole agencies and those held in the custody of state or federal prisons or local jails. HIGHLIGHTS *About 6,937,600 offenders were under the supervision of adult correctional systems at yearend 2012, declining by about 51,000 offenders during the year. The decrease during 2012 was the fourth consecutive year of decline in the U.S. correctional population. Although the correctional population declined by 0.7% during 2012, this was the slowest rate of decline observed since 2009 when the population first decreased. * In 2012 about 1 in every 35 adults in the United States, or 2.9% of adult residents, was on probation or parole or incarcerated in prison orjail, the same rate observed in 1997. FIGURE 1 Total population under the supervision of adult correctional systems and annual percent change, 2000-2012 Population (in millions) 8 ,,Annual percent change 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 Annual percent change Population --2.5 2.0 1.5 1.0 0.5 u.u -0.5 -1.0 '00 '01 '02 '03 '04 '05 '06 '07 '08 '09 '10 '11 '12 Note: See Methodology for information on the methods used to calculate annual change in the correctional population. Sources: Bureau of Justice Statistics, Annual Probation Survey, Annual Parole Survey, Annual Survey of Jails, Census of Jails, and National Prisoner Statistics Program, 2000-2012. n An estimated 1 in every 50 adult residents was supervised in the community on probation or parole at yearend 2012, compared to 1 in every 108 adults incarcerated in prison orjail. * The decrease in the probation (down 38,300) and prison (down 21,100) populations accounted for nearly all of the decline in the total correctional population during 2012. More than half (56%) of the decrease in the U.S. correctional population during 2012 was attributed to a drop (28,700 offenders) in California's correctional population, a decline driven by the state's Public Safety Realignment Act of 2011. BIS n,