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1 1 (August 8, 2024)

handle is hein.crs/goveqih0001 and id is 1 raw text is: Afro-descendants of Latin America: Selected Resources Updated August 8, 2024 The United Nations (UN) estimates that approximately 200 million people identifying themselves as being of African descent live in the Americas. Congress has long demonstrated interest in the status of Afro-descendants abroad through its legislation and hearings. Since 1993, the U.S. Department of State includes a section on National/Racial/Ethnic Minorities, in the annual Country Reports on Human Rights Practices to Congress. This CRS Insight focuses on global resources that relate to the human rights of Afro-descendants of Latin America, including socioeconomic status (Table 1), international organizations (Table 2), and international declarations and conventions (Table 3). Most of the resources below are also available in one or more foreign languages. This CRS Insight uses the umbrella term Afro-descendant. The World Bank's 2018 report Afro- descendants in Latin America: Toward a Framework of lnclusion details that the term was first adopted by regional Afro-descendant organizations in the early 2000s, and describes people united by a common ancestry but living in very dissimilar conditions. For Latin America's Afro-descendants, human rights challenges are intertwined with socioeconomics. The 2002 UN Durban Declaration emphasized, poverty, underdevelopment, marginalization, social exclusion and economic disparities are closely associated with racism, racial discrimination, xenophobia and related intolerance, and contribute to the persistence of racist attitudes and practices which in turn generate more poverty. For example, the World Bank's LAC (Latin America and the Caribbean) Equity Lab's March 2024 data illustrates that in Brazil, Colombia, Ecuador, Peru, and Uruguay, a higher percentage of Afro- descendants are poor (living on less than $6.85 per day in 2017 purchasing power parity terms), compared to the national average. Table I. Socioeconomic Status of Afro-descendants in Latin America: Resources Title Author Resource Type LAC Equity Lab: Ethnicity (last updated World Bank Website with data on socio- 2024) demographics, poverty, and access to services. Congressional Research Service https://crsreports.congress.gov IN11790 CRS INSIGHT Prepared for Members and Committees of Congress