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   Congressional
*Research Service


Bolivia: Presidential Resignation and

Aftermath



Updated December 19, 2019

On November  10, 2019, Bolivia's Evo Morales of the Movement Toward Socialism (MAS) party
resigned his presidency and sought asylum in Mexico. He ultimately received refugee status in Argentina.
Bolivia's military had suggested Morales consider resigning to prevent violence after weeks of protests
alleging fraud in the October 20, 2019, election. Three individuals in line to succeed Morales (the vice
president and the presidents of the senate and the chamber of deputies) also resigned. Opposition Senator
Jeanine Anez, formerly second vice president of the senate, declared herself senate president and then
interim president on November 12, 2019. Bolivia's constitutional court recognized her succession. After a
period of protests and state violence, the MAS-led Congress unanimously approved a law to annul the
October elections, select a new electoral tribunal, and have that tribunal convene new elections.
The Trump Administration and Congress have expressed concerns regarding irregularities and
manipulation in Bolivia's election, violence following the election and Morales's resignation, and the
expectation for the interim government to convene free and fair elections as soon as possible.

October Elections Annulled

Morales, Bolivia's first indigenous president, transformed Bolivia, but many observers expressed
concerns as he sought to remain in office beyond constitutionally mandated term limits (he won elections
in 2006, 2009, and 2014). In 2017, Bolivia's Constitutional Tribunal removed limits on reelection
established in the 2009 constitution. The decision overruled a 2016 referendum in which voters rejected a
constitutional change to allow Morales to serve another term.











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