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S. Rept. 115-255 1 (2018-05-22)

handle is hein.congrecreports/crptxabhw0001 and id is 1 raw text is: AUTHENTICATEO U.S. OVERNMENT INFORMATION Op Calendar No. 423 115TH CONGRESS SEAEREPORT 2d Session J SENATE1 115-255 RARE EARTH ELEMENT ADVANCED COAL TECHNOLOGIES ACT MAY 22, 2018.-Ordered to be printed Ms. MURKOWSKI, from the Committee on Energy and Natural Resources, submitted the following REPORT [To accompany S. 1563] [Including cost estimate of the Congressional Budget Office] The Committee on Energy and Natural Resources, to which was referred the bill (S. 1563) to authorize the Office of Fossil Energy to develop advanced separation technologies for the extraction and recovery of rare earth elements and minerals from coal and coal by- products, and for other purposes, having considered the same, re- ports favorably thereon without amendment and recommends that the bill do pass. PURPOSE The purpose of S. 1563 is to authorize the Department of Ener- gy's Office of Fossil Energy to develop advanced separation tech- nologies for the extraction and recovery of rare earth elements and minerals from coal and coal byproducts. BACKGROUND AND NEED Rare earth elements (REEs) are a group of 17 chemical elements (the so-called lanthanides, the elements numbered 57 to 71 in the periodic table, plus elements 21 and 39, which tend to occur with the lanthanides in ore bodies). Their economic importance and de- mand for them is increasing because their electrochemical prop- erties make them useful in a wide range of consumer products, in- cluding: cell phones, computer drives, and GPS devices; clean en- ergy technologies, including electric motors for hybrid vehicles and wind turbines; and numerous industrial, medical, and defense ap- 79-010