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A CBO Paper: Subsidy Estimates for FHA Mortgage Guarantees [i) (November 2003)

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                                         A
                                       CBO
                                       PAPER

                                Subsidy Estimates for
                             FIA Mortgage Guarantees
                                  November 2003



                                       Note

Numbers in the text and tables of this report may not sum to totals because of rounding.







                                      Preface

Federal Housing Administration (FHA) guarantees of hone mortgages account for more
than half of all federally insured loans, and net budgetary collections from that program are
expectcd to offset about hal' of the cost of all other federal loan guarantees. Actual net
receipts Ir FlIA, however, have fallen short of expectations for the past decade. That
discrepancy between projected and realized cash inflows has raised doubts about the
reliability of budget estimates for the program.

This Congressional Budget Office (CBO) analysis of FHA's subsidy estimates is one part of
a response to a request from the House Budget Committee to review the budgetary treatment
of federal credit programs and possible improvements in and extensions of current practice.
The paper draws on research begun in response to a request from the House Committee on
Banking arnd Financial Services. Contsistent with CBO's mandate to provide objec ive,
impartial analysis, this paper makes no recomrmenlations.

Using a model developed by Charles A. Capone Jr., formerly of C0, tie slaff of CBO's
Microccotnomic and Financial Studies Division prepared [his report under the direction of
Marvin IPhanp arld Roger I litcher. Many others at CBO contributed to the model, including
Bob Arnold, Uftuk Demiroglu, Robert Dennis, Deborah Lucas, and John Peterson. The sub-
model for regional house-price movements was developed by Malgorzata Klosek.

Research assistance and computer programming support were provided by Jenny Au, Scan
Corcoran, Lori Ellebr'acht, Carol Frost, Erin Hirsch, Joseph Nichols, DaRon Ross, and Errick
Simmons. Information technology support was provided by Georgia Brown, Eric Gui lie,
Guanli Lu, and Rick Williams. The report also benefited from comments by CBO analysts
Perry Beider, Kim Cawley, Sunila D'Monte, Cary Elliot, Peter Fontaine, Mark Hadley,
Susanne Mehlman, Albert Metz, Mark Musell, Elizabeth Robinson, and David Torregrosa.

CBO is grateful to FIlA for providing access to the data required for this study and to Judy
May, Dominic Stasulli, and Ed Szymanoski of FHA for their help. Many other staff members
at IA and the Department of Housing and Urban Development were also helpful, including
Harold Bunce, Darryl Getter, lan Keith, and Maude Williams.