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Case Citations [i] (Spring 2026)

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                            THE AMERICAN


                            LAW INSTITUTE



                                    Spring 2026 Citations



              TORTS 3D: REMEDIES (DRAFTS)



                        CHAPTER 1.   COMPENSATORY DAMAGES

       TOPIC  1. GENERAL   RULES   FOR  MEASURING COMPENSATORY DAMAGES

§ 3. One Satisfaction (No Double Recovery)

C.A.D.C.2025. Subsec. (a) quot. in ftn. (quoting § 3 of T.D. No. 1, 2022). Native American tribe sued
the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, alleging that the government failed to compensate
tribe on a lease for both depreciation costs of a tribe-operated drug-treatment building as well as for the
principal and interest on the loan that tribe obtained to purchase the building. The district court granted
the government's motion for summary judgment, concluding that the depreciation payments and
principal-and-interest payments were duplicative under the relevant federal statute. This court affirmed,
holding that tribe was compensated for the cost of using its facility to deliver health services after it was
made whole once, either by payment on depreciation of the building or on the principal and interest on
the underlying loan, and this aligned with the common law understanding of compensation and
compensatory damages as set forth in Restatement Third of Torts: Remedies § 3(a). Red Lake Band of
Chippewa Indians v. United States Department of Health and Human Services, 145 F.4th 90, 95.

§ 4. Descriptive Categories of Damages (Immediate, Consequential, Direct, General, and Special
Damages)

C.A.10, 2025. Com. (b) quot. in conc. and diss. op. (T.D. No. 1, 2022). National Labor Relations Board
filed a complaint against film-production companies, alleging that companies violated the National
Labor Relations Act by unlawfully interrogating and threatening employees for engaging in union
activity and by failing to reinstate employees who went on strike to protest unfair labor practices. An
administrative lawjudge ordered companies to cease and desist from committing unfair labor practices
and awarded the striking employees backpay and damages for other direct or foreseeable pecuniary
harms suffered from being unlawfully discharged. This court denied in part companies' petition for
review, holding that it lacked jurisdiction to consider whether the Board had authority under the Act to
award certain damages to employees, because companies failed to adequately object to the Board's grant
of that remedy. A concurring and dissenting opinion argued that the Board exceeded its authority in

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