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Case Citations [i] (Fall 2025)

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                            THE AMERICAN


                              LAW INSTITUTE



                                     Fall 2025 Citations



                 PROPERTY 3D (MORTGAGES)



                        CHAPTER 1. CREATION OF MORTGAGES

§ 1.1 The Mortgage Concept; No Personal Liability Required

C.A.1, 2024. Quot. in sup., com. (a) cit. in sup. Bank that held a note and mortgage on a residential
property sued borrower and borrower's spouse, who co-signed the mortgage but not the note, after its
mortgage lien on the property was extinguished in a tax sale, alleging that borrower and spouse breached
covenants in the mortgage requiring them to pay taxes on the property. The district court granted
summary  judgment for spouse. Affirming, this court held, among other things, that bank could not
recover against spouse for breach of covenants in the mortgage, because the mortgage expressly stated
that, with respect to the note balance, spouse did not guarantee borrower's debt. The court cited
Restatement Third of Property: Mortgages § 1.1 in noting that bank could not enforce the note against
spouse, because she did not sign it, and that it could not foreclose on the property because its lien was
extinguished in the tax sale. Deutsche Bank National Trust Company as Trustee for IXIS Real Estate
Capital Trust 2006-HE3 Mortgage Pass Through Certificates, Series 2006-HE3 v. Wilson, 116 F.4th 12,
19.

§ 1.2 No Consideration Required

C.A.1, 2024. Com. (a) quot. in sup. Bank that held a note and mortgage on a residential property sued
borrower and borrower's spouse, who co-signed the mortgage but not the note, after its mortgage lien on
the property was extinguished in a tax sale, alleging that borrower and spouse breached covenants in the
mortgage requiring them to pay taxes on the property. The district court granted summary judgment for
spouse. Affirming, this court held, among other things, that bank could not recover against spouse for
breach of covenants in the mortgage, because the mortgage expressly stated that, with respect to the note
balance, spouse did not guarantee borrower's debt. The court cited Restatement Third of Property:
Mortgages § 1.2 in explaining that, although mortgages often contained covenants of their own, a
mortgage was generally only enforceable insofar as the underlying note was enforceable, and bank could
not enforce the note against spouse, because she did not sign it. Deutsche Bank National Trust Company
as Trustee for IXIS Real Estate Capital Trust 2006-HE3 Mortgage Pass Through Certificates, Series
2006-HE3  v. Wilson, 116 F.4th 12, 19.

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          For earlier citations, see the Appendices, Supplements, or Pocket Parts, if any, that correspond to the subject matter under examination.