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Case Citations [1] (Spring 2025)

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                            THE AMERICAN


                            LAW INSTITUTE



                                    Spring 2025 Citations



      THE FOREIGN RELATIONS LAW OF THE

                           UNITED STATES 3D



     PART  I. INTERNATIONAL LAW AND ITS RELATION TO UNITED STATES LAW

           CHAPTER 1. INTERNATIONAL LAW: CHARACTER AND SOURCES

§ 102. Sources of International Law

C.A.D.C.2024. Subsec. (2) cit. in case cit. in disc. Corporate parent of multiple subsidiaries in Cuba
filed an action under the Cuban Liberty and Democratic Solidarity Act against entities owned by the
Cuban government, alleging that defendants were trafficking in oil-and-gas assets that the Cuban
government had expropriated from subsidiaries without compensation. The district court denied in part
defendants' motion to dismiss for lack of jurisdiction. This court vacated and remanded, holding that
plaintiff failed to allege that its interest in the assets as a shareholder and parent of subsidiaries was a
property interest that was protected by the customary international law of expropriation. The court
rejected plaintiff s arguments based on decisions by the Iran-United States Claims Tribunal, citing
Restatement Third of Foreign Relations § 102 in noting that those decisions involved specific,
bargained-for agreements that were subject to governing law distinct from customary international law.
Exxon Mobil Corporation v. Corporacion CIMEX, S.A., 111 F.4th 12, 28.

§ 103. Evidence of International Law

C.A.D.C.2024. Com. (b) quot. in sup. Corporate parent of multiple subsidiaries in Cuba filed an action
under the Cuban Liberty and Democratic Solidarity Act against entities owned by the Cuban
government, alleging that defendants were trafficking in oil-and-gas assets that the Cuban government
had expropriated from subsidiaries without compensation. The district court denied in part defendants'
motion to dismiss for lack of jurisdiction. This court vacated and remanded, holding that plaintiff failed
to allege that its interest in the assets as a shareholder and parent of subsidiaries was a property interest
that was protected by the customary international law of expropriation. The court relied in part on
decisions by the International Court of Justice that confirmed that international law generally did not
recognize a shareholder's right in property owned by the corporation, noting that, under Restatement

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