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Case Citations [i] (Fall 2025)

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                             THE AMERICAN


                               LAW INSTITUTE



                                       Fall 2025 Citations



                                   JUDGMENTS



                            CHAPTER 1. GENERAL PRINCIPLES

§ 2. Judgments in Rem

C.A.9, 2024. Quot. in conc. op. Federal government filed a civil-forfeiture action against the assets in a
foreign bank account belonging to a Canadian fugitive residing in Dubai, who had been indicted on
RICO  and drug-trafficking charges. The district court, purporting to exercise in rem jurisdiction over
fugitive's assets, granted government's motion to strike fugitive's claim of innocent ownership over the
assets under the fugitive disentitlement statute. This court vacated and remanded, holding that due
process required the district court to establish control or constructive control over property in a forfeiture
action for it to be able to exercise in rem jurisdiction over the property. The concurring opinion
explained that the case was nonjusticiable until the government seized or controlled fugitive's property,
citing Restatement of Judgments § 2 in pointing out that if the court did not have jurisdiction over the
property, the judgment was open to collateral attack. United States v. Nasri, 119 F.4th 1172, 1188.

§ 3. Judgments Quasi  in Rem

C.A.9, 2024. Quot. in conc. op. Federal government filed a civil-forfeiture action against the assets in a
foreign bank account belonging to a Canadian fugitive residing in Dubai, who had been indicted on
RICO  and drug-trafficking charges. The district court, purporting to exercise in rem jurisdiction over
fugitive's assets, granted government's motion to strike fugitive's claim of innocent ownership over the
assets under the fugitive disentitlement statute. This court vacated and remanded, holding that due
process required the district court to establish control or constructive control over property in a forfeiture
action for it to be able to exercise in rem jurisdiction over the property. The concurring opinion pointed
out that the case was nonjusticiable until the government seized or controlled fugitive's property and
that this defect in the court's jurisdiction could be cured by a quasi in rem proceeding, in which a court
could request that a foreign government secure the property subject to the forfeiture proceedings and any
competing claims to the property under Restatement of Judgments § 3. United States v. Nasri, 119 F.4th
1172, 1192.



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