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Case Citations [i] (Fall 2025)

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                             THE AMERICAN


                             LAW INSTITUTE



                                      Fall 2025 Citations



                          CONFLICT OF LAWS



Generally

Kan.2024. Cit. generally in sup. and cit. generally in cases cit. in sup. Judgment creditor registered a
Missouri judgment in Kansas and filed a request to garnish a bank account opened by judgment debtor
and wife in Missouri as tenants by the entirety. The trial court denied debtor and wife's motion to quash,
characterizing the garnishment as a procedural issue governed by the law of the forum state, Kansas,
which did not recognize tenancy by the entirety, and permitted the garnishment to attach to debtor and
wife's bank account. The court of appeals affirmed. This court reversed and remanded, holding that, for
purposes of a choice-of-law analysis, the type of ownership interest that debtor and wife had in the bank
account was not a procedural issue, but rather, a substantive issue that was governed by Missouri
property law; thus, debtor and wife owned the bank account as tenants by the entirety and the account
could not be garnished. The court explained that Kansas appellate courts traditionally followed the
Restatement First of Conflict of Laws. M & I Marshall & Ilsley Bank v. Higdon, 556 P.3d 498, 500-502,
504-506.

Vt.2024. Cit. in case cit. generally in ftn. Daughter sued, among others, mother's estate, alleging that
mother, who died in Vermont, breached a contract for mutual wills that she had entered with father
when they were living in Arizona by creating a new will that disinherited daughter. After a hearing, the
trial court dismissed daughter's claims, finding that parents mutually consented to revoke their contract
for mutual wills, because father had notice of mother's plan to create a new will disinheriting daughter
and acquiesced to it through inaction. This court reversed and remanded, holding that father did not
consent to rescission of the contract under Vermont law, which applied as the default because neither
party met their burden of proving a conflict between Arizona law and Vermont law. The court rejected
daughter's argument in favor of applying the doctrine of lex loci set forth in the Restatement of Conflict
of Laws to determine the applicable law, explaining that the lex loci doctrine had been displaced by the
most-significant-relationship test described in the Restatement Second of Conflict of Laws. Inouye v.
Estate of McHugo, 328 A.3d 1229, 1235.





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